Fit and proper persons reference checks — FPPR evidence for directors and managers

The Fit and Proper Persons Requirement under Regulation 5 applies to directors and registered managers in every CQC-registered organisation. Employment references with written conduct evidence and a full audit trail form a core part of the FPPR documentation CQC expects. RefAssure generates this evidence automatically from 99p per reference.

Regulation 5 FPPR compliance Conduct and character evidence Directors and registered managers Written audit trail From 99p per reference

The FPPR applies to every director and registered manager in a CQC-registered organisation — and references are a primary evidence source

Regulation 5 requires CQC-registered providers to have robust processes for assessing whether individuals in director and senior management roles are fit and proper. This is not a one-time exercise at appointment — providers must have ongoing processes and documented evidence. Employment references with written conduct evidence and a full audit trail are one of the core components of that documentation, alongside enhanced DBS checks and qualification verification.

What the Fit and Proper Persons Requirement covers

Six criteria must be met under Regulation 5. Employment references contribute evidence for several of them.

Good character

The individual must be of good character. Employment references covering conduct, professional behaviour and the circumstances of leaving previous roles contribute directly to evidencing this criterion.

Necessary qualifications and skills

The individual must have the qualifications, competence, skills and experience necessary for the role. References from previous employers in similar roles evidence this through professional assessment.

Physically and mentally fit

The individual must be physically and mentally fit for the role. Employment references that raise no concerns about fitness for work contribute to this assessment.

Not been responsible for misconduct

The FPPR explicitly excludes individuals who have been responsible for, privy to, or facilitated misconduct or mismanagement in a health or social care provider. References with explicit misconduct questions address this directly.

Not on any barred list

The individual must not be included on any barred list — confirmed through DBS check. References complement this by revealing professional concerns not captured in criminal records.

Documented assessment

The provider must have documented evidence of assessing the individual against each FPPR criterion. Written references with audit trail form part of this documentation.

FPPR reference evidence PDF from RefAssure

FPPR reference evidence — one PDF, everything CQC needs

For directors and registered managers, the reference documentation must go beyond a simple employment check. It needs to address conduct, character, professional behaviour and any concerns about fitness for a regulated leadership role. RefAssure generates a structured PDF with all of these elements — documented, timestamped and ready for the FPPR assessment file.

Reg 5
FPPR evidence
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Every reference

Reference evidence for the FPPR assessment file

Role-specific template for leadership appointments

Create a dedicated FPPR reference template with questions about senior leadership conduct, management style, fitness for a regulated role and any misconduct or mismanagement concerns — fields specifically designed to generate FPPR-relevant evidence.

Misconduct and mismanagement questions

FPPR-specific templates include explicit questions about whether the candidate has been responsible for or privy to misconduct or mismanagement in a health or social care setting — directly addressing the Regulation 5 exclusion criteria.

Full timestamped audit trail

Every reference generates a PDF with a complete timestamped record — consent, request sent, chasing, completion. This audit trail demonstrates that the FPPR reference process was followed correctly and can be produced at inspection.

File-ready PDF for the FPPR assessment record

The RefAssure PDF can be filed directly in the individual's FPPR assessment record alongside DBS documentation, qualification certificates and the provider's written FPPR assessment. One document covering the entire reference evidence requirement.

What an FPPR-focused reference covers

Key questions for director and registered manager appointments — addressing FPPR criteria directly.

Director / Registered Manager Reference — FPPR Fields

01
Please confirm the candidate's dates of employment and their role or title.
Date range
02
Please describe the candidate's leadership style and effectiveness as a manager.
Long text
03
How would you describe the candidate's professional conduct and integrity throughout their employment?
Long text
04
Are you aware of any concerns about this candidate's fitness to hold a senior role in a regulated health or social care organisation?
Yes / No + detail
05
Has this candidate been responsible for, privy to, or involved in any misconduct or mismanagement within a health or social care provider?
Yes / No + detail
06
Has this candidate been subject to any disciplinary procedures or formal conduct investigations?
Yes / No + detail
07
How would you describe this candidate's relationships with service users, staff and external regulators?
Long text
08
Would you re-appoint this candidate to a senior leadership role in a regulated care service? If yes, in what capacity?
Yes / No + detail

Fit and proper persons reference checks — the complete guide

The Fit and Proper Persons Requirement is one of the most significant compliance obligations in the care sector — and one that is frequently misunderstood. Many care providers are aware that the FPPR exists and that it involves a DBS check, but do not fully appreciate the role that employment references play in the documented FPPR assessment, or the standard of reference evidence that CQC expects to see.

Who does the FPPR apply to?

The FPPR under Regulation 5 applies to directors of NHS trusts and foundation trusts, and to individuals in director, registered manager or equivalent senior leadership roles in other CQC-registered organisations. For most care providers this means the registered manager and any directors or owners involved in the management of the regulated activity. It does not apply to frontline care workers — though those individuals are covered by the separate safe recruitment requirements under Regulation 19.

Why employment references matter for FPPR

The FPPR requires care providers to assess whether individuals in leadership roles are of good character and have not been involved in misconduct or mismanagement in a health or social care setting. A DBS check addresses criminal history — it cannot reveal professional conduct. References from previous employers in health and social care are the primary mechanism for addressing the character and conduct criteria under Regulation 5. A reference that asks only about job performance and attendance, without addressing conduct, fitness for a regulated role and the specific FPPR exclusion criteria, does not generate the evidence CQC expects.

What happens during a CQC FPPR inspection

CQC inspectors may request to see the FPPR assessment documentation for directors and registered managers during inspection. They expect to find a documented process — not just a checklist tick — with evidence that each criterion has been assessed. For the reference component, this means written references with appropriate questions, obtained directly from referees, with a full audit trail. RefAssure's PDF report provides exactly this documentation, ready to be filed in the FPPR assessment record.

FPPR reference checks — questions answered

The FPPR under Regulation 5 requires CQC-registered providers to ensure directors and registered managers are of good character, have necessary qualifications and skills, are physically and mentally fit, and have not been responsible for misconduct or mismanagement in a health or social care provider.

Yes. Written employment references covering conduct, character and professional behaviour in previous roles — obtained directly with a documented audit trail — are a primary evidence source for demonstrating FPPR compliance for directors and registered managers.

The FPPR applies to directors of NHS trusts and foundation trusts, and to individuals in director, registered manager or equivalent senior leadership roles in other CQC-registered organisations.

FPPR compliance typically requires: enhanced DBS check, written employment references covering conduct and character, qualification and professional registration verification, and documentation of the provider's FPPR assessment against each Regulation 5 criterion.

RefAssure generates written references with candidate consent, structured conduct and character questions including FPPR-specific fields, and a full timestamped audit trail — all in a single PDF. The report can be filed directly in the FPPR assessment record and produced at CQC inspection.

FPPR reference evidence.
Written, documented, inspection-ready.

Role-specific templates for director and registered manager appointments, full conduct and character questions, timestamped audit trail — FPPR evidence generated automatically from 99p.

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